Artificial denture



' .May-12, 1931. E; A; SATTLER 'y 1,804,312

ARTIFICIAL DENTRE Filgd Aug. 41o. 1929 IlllIllIl Patented May 12, 1931 Uirn Aras EDWARD A. SATTLER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORIL- ASSIGNOF. T GEORGE STTLER, OF

BUFFALO, nizw YORK ARTIFICIAL DENTURE Application inea August io, 192e. seriaiNo. 384,815.

This invention relates to an'artificial denture and has the object t0 provide a mounting for this purpose whereby artificial teeth are held securelyy and reliably against displacer f ment while in use without showing any of the mounting from the front side of the teeth and still permit of readily replacing a worn or broken tooth when Ythis becomes necessary.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one of the anterior artificial teeth constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is an elevation of the saine view from the inner or lingual side thereof.

' 15 Figure 3 is a side elevation thereof..

Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on line 4 4 Fig. 2.y

Figures 5 and 6 are horizontal sections taken on the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 2, looking upwardly and downwardly respectively.

, Figure 7 is a perspective view of one of :the posterior artificial teeth embodying my improvements.

. v Figures 8 and 9 are perspective views of the backing of the artificial tooth mounting containing my invention and viewed respectively froni the lingual and buccal side of the saine.

.2530 Figure k10 is an elevation of the combined artificial tooth and backing of the mounting constructed in accordance with my improvements.

Figure 11 is a vertical section of the same Y Figure 15 is an elevation thereof viewedl k'from the inner'or lingual vside thereof. In the following description similar chai1n The numeral 20 represents the body of an artificial tooth which may be made in various y shapes of porcelain, as usual, in any suitabley and well-known manner, and which presents uninterrupted buccal occlusal and the gingi val surfaces 21, 22, 23 respectively on no parts of which the mounting is visible fromthe outer or front side of the artificial teeth inasmuch as this mounting only couples with the artificial teeth on the rear, inner or lingual surface 211 of the saine. In Figs. 141, 10 and 11 this body has the form of an anterior tooth while in Fig. 7 the same has the form of a posterior tooth.

For the purpose of this invention the lingualsurface of the artificial tooth is provided between the cusp or incisal edge and gingival surface with an anchorage which is constructed as follows for receiving a backingk of corresponding form.

The numeral 25 represents an upright tenori or tongue projecting inwardly from the central part of the lingual side of the body and forme-d integrally therewith. rlhs tenon is provided on its upper part with an inclined inner face 26 and two parallel upright faces 27 on opposite sidesV of the inner inclined face 26, and the lower part of this tenen has a vertical inner face 28 and two undercut inclined faces y29 on opposite sides of the inner face 28.

Itis to be` understood that in using the terms upper and lower in the above description the saine refers tothe lower teeth shownin the drawings and kthat these terms must be reversed when describing the upper teeth but in this description the terms upper and lower will be used to describe bothfkinds of teeth as a matter of convenience.

The central part of the lingual side of the artificial tooth around the tenon is set back so as to produce a cavity having upper and lower parallel horizontal walls or shoulders 30, 31 at the upper and lower endsof the tenon and outwardly converging Yupright walls or shoulders 32 arranged on opposite sides of the tenen. The upright vside walls 27 of the tenon and the adjacent walls 30, 31 and 32 of the body 20 form two recesses 40 on opposite sides of the tenon, said walls 32 which form the bottoms of these recesses converging forwardly toward the front side of the tooth, as shown in Figs. 5 and t. he upper shoulders or walls 31 extend partway across the upper side portions of the inclined wall 25 and the lower shoulders are entended toward each ther so t-hat they meet and form a continuous wall along the vertical part 23 of the tenon.

On the upper part of the lingual side of the tooth the saine is provided with a socket 33 which is formed partly in the upper part of the tenon and partly in the adjacent upper part of the body, and opens inwardly. This socket is generally of keystone shape and provided with a vertical bottom 34, horizontalupper and lower walls 35, 36, and two inclined side walls 37 which converge from the upper toward the lowerend of the tooth.

Fitting against the central part of the inner'side of the tooth so as to embrace the tenon thereof and the various walls of the cavity around the tenon, and the socket across the tenon and body is a backing which is preferably made of any suitable kind of sheet metal, such as gold. As best shown in Figs. 10-14, this backing is provided on its outer or front side with a cen- `tral upright socket 3S which receives the body tenon of the artificial tooth, two-wings 39 on opposite sides of the socket 38 and adapted to project into the recesses 40 ofthe tooth body on opposite sides of the tenon, and a tenon or tongue 41 arranged above the socket 38 and adapted to project into the body socket 33.

The socket 38 conforms to the shape of the body tenon and is provided with an upper inclined rear wall 42 adapted to engage the Vinclined upper wall 26 of the body tenon, a

lower vertical rear wall 43 engaging with the lower vertical face 28 ofthe body tenon, two upper upright side walls 44 engaging with the opposite vertical upper sides 27 of the body tenon, and two lower inclined side walls 45 engaging with the lower inclined undercut walls 29 of the body tenon. Each of the wings of the backing comprises an inclined front wall 46 engaging the inclined back wall 32 of the respective body recess 40, an upper horizontal wall 47engaging with the upper wall 30 of one of the recesses 40, and a lower horizontal wall 48 engaging the corresponding lower horizontal wall 31 of the respective body recess 40. The tongue 41 has a vertical front wall 49 enffafrin@ the vertical back 34 of the socket 33, horizontal top and bottom walls 50, 51 engaging with the top 35 and bottom 36 of the body socket 33, and inclined side walls 52 engaging with the 4correspondingly inclined side walls 37 of the body socket.

The metal backing and the artificial tooth are secured to each other by a cement of any suitable or well-known character applied to the opposing surfaces of these members. This backing is secured to the outer side of a horizontal bridge 54 which may be constructed of any suitable metal preferably gold, by soldering, brazing or otherwise forming a practically integral joint between these members, and the bridge in turn is' supported in any suitable manner on the jaw. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15 of the drawings two artificial teeth are arranged to alternate with three natural teeth 55, 56, 57 and the respective artificial teeth are mounted relative to the'natural teeth in this instance by providing-the central natural tooth. 56 and the rear natural tooth 57 with caps 58, 59 to which the bridge 54 is secured by soldering, brazing or otherwise so that the several backings, the bridge and the caps form a supporting unit for the artificial or supply teeth on the capped natural teeth which latter serve as the abutments for this purpose.

When the artificial teeth are thus mounted they are securely anchored against displacement under strains to which they are nor mally subjected, these strains being mainly either vertically when biting or circumferentially when grinding, but least likely in a direction transversely to one another. When subjected to vertical and circumferential strains the artificial tooth is held securely on the Vbacking bythe interlocking tenon and sockets of the artificial tooth and the backing, and also the interlocking wings andrecesses of these members. l

Any strains which tend-to tilt the artificial tooth either forwardly or backwardly about a horizontal axis, or to turn ortwist the same about a vertical axis, are resisted by the inclined co-operating surfaces formed between lower parts of the tenon on the tooth body and socket in the backing and between the upright sides of the backing tenon and the socket in the tooth body, which inclined surfaces form undercut engaging areas having the effect of hooks whereby the tooth body and backing are securely anchored to each vother and interlocked in a manner which positively prevents their separation when subjected to tilting or twisting strains. It is therefore possible to usethe artificial teeth as effectively under all conditions as natural teeth without liability of a breakdown and at the same time avoid exposure of any part of the mounting on the front side of the artificial teeth.

This mounting is very strong and durable, not liable to get out of order, and. can be manufactured at comparatively low cost. When repairing of an artificial tooth becomes necessary this can be readily accomplished by loosening the cement and withdrawing the tooth horizontally from the backing and re- IBO placing the same by anew one in the reverse manner, and then securing the same by cement.

I claim as my invention 1. An artificial denture mounting comprising a tooth body provided on its rear side with a tenon the upper parts of whose sides are vertical and the lower parts thereof inclined toward each other, and a backing having a socket provided with side walls the upper parts of which are Vertical and engage the vertical side faces of said tenon and the lower parts of which incline toward each other and engage with the inclined lower parts of the sides of said tenon, and said body beingL provided on opposite sides of said tenon with recesses having inclined bottoms converging forwardly and said backing having wings on opposite sides of said socket, the front sides of which are inclined and engage with the correspondingly inclined bottoms of said recesses.

2. An artificial denturey mounting comprising a tooth body provided on its rear side with a tenon the upper parts of whose sides are vertical and the lower parts thereof inclined toward each other, and a backing having a socket provided with side walls the upper parts of which are vertical and engage the vertical side faces of said tenon and the lower parts of which incline toward each other and engage with the inclined lower parts ofthe sides of said tenon and said body being provided on the upper part of its rear face with a socket having downwardly convergingy sides, and said backing being provided on the upper part of its front face with a tenon having downwardly converging sides engaging with the downwardly converging sides of the body socket.

In testimony whereof I hereby affix my signature.

EDWARD A. SATTLER. 

